Windbreakers and Airwaves

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Albuterol Generic Name: Albuterol Sulfate (Proventil, Ventolin) Classification: Sympathomimetic, Beta-2 selective adrenergic agonist, Bronchodilator Action: Relaxes bronchial smooth muscle, causing bronchodilation. Indication: Bronchospasm associated with asthma, COPD, or anaphylaxis. Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, severe tachycardia. Dose: 2.5 mg in 3 mL of Normal Saline. Routes: Nebulized inhalation. Onset & Duration: Onset: 5–15 mins; Duration: 3–4 hours. Side Effects: Tachycardia, tremors, anxiety, palpitations, headache. Special Considerations: Monitor heart rate and ECG during administration. Epinephrine 1:1,000 Generic Name: Epinephrine (Adrenalin) – Note: Now frequently labeled as 1 mg/1 mL Classification: Sympathomimetic (alpha and beta adrenergic agonist) Action: Vasoconstriction (\alpha_1), increased heart rate and contractility (\beta_1), bronchodilation (\beta_2). Indication: Severe anaphylaxis, acute severe asthma unresponsive to beta-agonists. Contraindications: None in an emergency setting. Dose: 0.3 mg (Adult); 0.15 mg or 0.01 mg/kg (Pediatric). Routes: Intramuscular (IM). Onset & Duration: Onset: 3–10 mins; Duration: 1–4 hours. Side Effects: Tachycardia, hypertension, palpitations, anxiety, tremors, headache. Special Considerations: Always double-check concentration before injecting. Do not give 1 mg/1 mL intravenously. Epinephrine 1:10,000 Generic Name: Epinephrine (Adrenalin) – Note: Now frequently labeled as 1 mg/10 mL Classification: Sympathomimetic Action: Increases cardiac output, myocardial contraction, and heart rate (\beta_1); systemic vasoconstriction (\alpha_1). Indication: Cardiac arrest (VF, pulseless VT, Asystole, PEA). Contraindications: None in cardiac arrest. Dose: 1 mg every 3–5 minutes. Routes: IV / IO. Onset & Duration: Onset: Immediate; Duration: 3–5 minutes. Side Effects: Tachycardia, hypertension (post-resuscitation), dysrhythmias. Special Considerations: Ensure flush follows administration to reach central circulation.